Have a look to beautiful Nepal?

Nepal is home to the highest mountain in the world and now, the Himalayan republic is going to win another jumbo distinction when it holds the world's "biggest" beauty pageant - for elephants. From December 26, Nepal's "Elephant Land", the hot and fertile Terai plains in the south, will hold the three-day Chitwan Elephant Festival where the gentle giants will take part in a football tourney, sprint and catwalk to the delight of thousands of tourists.

The Miss Jumbo contest, tentatively scheduled for December 27, will have nearly 10 elephant cubs ramp-walking, showing off their talents and displaying their special "dresses".

Elephant cubs are being assiduously groomed by their mahouts for the spectacle.

A panel of five judges will scrutinise their ability to do the namaste, walk on two feet and dance.

As part of the talent round, they will have to pick up coins and flowers and perform other tricks.

three-day Chitwan Elephant Festival where the gentle giants will take part in a football tourney, sprint and catwalk to the delight of thousands of tourists.

The Miss Jumbo contest, tentatively scheduled for December 27, will have nearly 10 elephant cubs ramp-walking, showing off their talents and displaying their special "dresses".

Elephant cubs are being assiduously groomed by their mahouts for the spectacle.

A panel of five judges will scrutinise their ability to do the namaste, walk on two feet and dance.

As part of the talent round, they will have to pick up coins and flowers and perform other tricks.

Crime Scenario and Prevention Measures in Nepal.

Crime has an age as old as civilization itself. In this world, it is difficult to find a place where there is no crime. The only difference is the type and the method of crime. Several crime issues such as kidnapping, raping, murdering, drug trafficking, hijacking are rampant everywhere in the world. Crime rates and crime types are different in developed and undeveloped countries. Advancements in knowledge and technology allows people from developed countries to use the law, computer and internet to commit crimes in majority where as in the developing countries we can witness the direct crimes such as murder, kidnapping, raping, girl trafficking etc.

There are several reasons why the crime rate is increasing worldwide. Lack of education, greed, laziness, and poverty are the common reasons for the soaring crime rate. Still there are several other socio-economic issues needs to be dealt in the developing nations. Human rights have been a slogan for the developed countries only. Still there are people in this 21st century where they have no food to eat, clothes to wear and house to live. Education, equality in gender, and safety is way too far in these communities. Crimes are associated with several socio-economic issues such as poverty, illiteracy, unemployment, natural disasters, family and societal influence. A society is only safe, crime free and worth living when people have education, and can differentiate between good and bad. Utilitarian approaches, universalism approaches then slowly would develop as they become mature.

Obstacles in Crime Control:

• The laws: The laws itself is not strong enough in Nepal to control the crime. There are several faults in the law and people are taking advantage of that.
• Impunity: Crime rate would be controlled to some content it there was provision against impunity. Even the government officials are responsible for crime and get easily out of that. Due to impunity, people are encouraged to commit even more crime than before because they feel there is always someone to protect them.
• Inefficiency of Police: Police in Nepal is way too ineffective. It may be because of the absence of the proper training and modern techniques for the crime detection. One simple case takes years to resolve and people don't even have confidence of police officers. When people even don't believe the police where should they go for justice?
• Forensic techniques: Lack of advancement in forensic methods has certainly clouded the cause of crime and is unable to give the proper justification of the crime method.
• Slow Court Procedure: The inefficiency of court is the another reason for increasing crime rate. One case takes years to settle down.
• Lack of eduction:Lack of education in people is certainly a huge factor to consider because in this condition people cannot decide what is good and what is bad. A good speaker with evil intensions can easily drive these ignorant people by his impressive words and easily encourages them to commit a crime. The interesting thing here is the people who are doing this don't realize that they are committing a crime.

How Crime can be decreased?

I would like to present several ideas how the crime rate can be prevented in Nepal. Child care programs can be designed to improve the personality of the kids and give them the right knowledge about the good and bad things. "Free education programs to all" should be provided so that no child or person is deprived from the right of education. Family support programs can be designed to keep the family united and foster child care. New employment schemes would certainly help is reducing the crime rate in Nepal where there are thousands of unemployed people. New court procedures can be developed and expedite the court efficiency and restructuring of the constitution and law itself to make the straightforward laws eliminating the room for crime.

Criminal justice is the very big term still to be introduced in the poor country like Nepal. The direct services that deal with the crime such as police, prison, court, probation, parole should have specific programs to deal with crime. More focus should be given in increasing police efficiency, 24-7 security services, and advanced training for the crime detection. A society will be only safe and worth living when they eliminate the roots of crime. The ultimate programs to eliminate the roots of crime are education, good child care programs, and advancements in forensic science, laws against impunity, and relief funds in the natural disaster and restructuring of the constitution to increase police efficiency and expedite court service. 

Have some information about Nepal?

HIV/AIDS report rings alarm bell ( yearly 4700 die of the disease).

AIDS has become a major health threat in the country with 4,700 people, 229 of them below 14 years of age, dying of it every year. According to latest data made available at a recent programme, about 63,528 people across the country are HIV-positive. Among others, drug users, women sex traders and their customers, gays and migrant workers area at high risk.

Though the number of HIV patients in Nepal stands at 63,528, only 16,262 — 1,569 males and 5,693 females — have been identified so far. Unsafe intercourse is one of the causes of the disease with a recent study showing that 7,215 of the patients had contracted the disease through this medium. About 405 kids were found to have inherited the disease from their parents, the study said.

Krishna Kumar Rai, director, National AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Disease Control Centre, said prevention initiatives have not been effective for want of coordination between government bodies and NGOs. “Many organisations have been working separately in the field of HIV AIDS, it would be better if they worked jointly.’’ Of the total investment in HIV/AIDS prevention, the government investment amounts to 9 percent, while non-government organisations have invested the rest.

More than $ 10 million is spent in this field in Nepal annually. Many programmes have been organised for the prevention of the disease including Anti Retro Viral (ART) therapy. A total of 4,509 affected people are receiving treatment through 25 ART centres and 10 sub-centres. Rajiv Kafle, chairman, National Federation of HIV/AIDS, opined that some new technologies should be devised for preventing the disease.

Do you know what is going on inside the Minister office?

There the Ministers as well as other staff Managing the paper of expenses and income to eat full budget of the year 2067/2068(2010/2011). For more be with us..................................

See the effect the biggest economy.

The Biggest Airport in the World

Taken literally as the airport which takes up the most land mass, this is the King Fahd International Airport in Damman, Saudi Arabia. It takes up some 780 square kilometers - an area larger than many cities. By comparison, London Heathrow takes up around 3,000 acres, or just 4.7 square miles.

 

The Busiest Airport in the World

This depends on whether you monitor aircraft movements (the numbers of take-offs and landings), or passenger numbers. An airport such as Washington National may have relatively high aircraft movements, but as the largest aircraft it handles is a Boeing 757, it handles relatively fewer annual passengers than other airports with similar movements. Movements and passenger numbers are both acceptable methods of determining the "busiest" airport, although passenger numbers is the generally quoted figure. Most Passenger numbers Atlanta Hartsfield Jackson is the busiest airport in the world, handling 76.7 million passengers in 2002.Atlanta overtook Chicago O'Hare in 1998, and is now significantly ahead. Chicago handled 66.6 million passengers in 2002.

Busiest International Airport

London Heathrow handles the most international passengers (as opposed to passengers on domestic flights, which make up the majority of traffic at US airports). On an overall scale, Heathrow ranks third behind Atlanta and Chicago.

Busiest City (all airports)

When the flights from all airports in a city are combined, London is by farther busiest aviation center in the world.Only London, Tokyo and New York have two airports in the top 30 worldwide.
Combining New York's JFK (30 Million) and Newark (29 Million) still does not reach the same level as London Heathrow. Despite being the major international gateway for Japan, Tokyo Narita (29 Million) is overshadowed by the mainly domestic Haneda (61 Million).This puts Tokyo on a relatively even keel with Heathrow (63 Million) and Gatwick (30 Million).
When Stansted (19 Million), Luton (6.5 Million), and London City (1.5 Million) are added on top, London handles a total of almost 120 million passengers annually.

Treatments Available For HIV And AIDS.

When AIDS first surfaced in the United States, no drugs were available to combat the underlying immune deficiency, and few treatments existed for the opportunistic infections that resulted. Over the past 10 years, however, therapies have been developed to fight both HIV infection and its associated infections and cancers.

Although there is no treatment currently available that can cure people of HIV or AIDS, a number of therapies have been developed to help them stay healthier and live longer.

• Some medications target HIV itself, to reduce the virus's assault on the immune system, or to even prevent the virus from entering human immune cells.
• Other treatments are used to treat or prevent specific opportunistic infections that threaten the health of people with HIV-damaged immune systems.

Treatments That Suppress HIV

Drugs that interfere with the activity of a retrovirus such as HIV are generally known as antiretrovirals. Nearly all antiretroviral medications currently approved to treat HIV infection target two viral enzymes used by the virus to replicate itself. These enzymes, reverse transcriptase and protease, are involved in different stages of viral replication. A new treatment approved in the past year works in a completely new way by preventing the virus from entering the human immune cells.

Four classes of antiretroviral drugs have been developed to interfere with the activity of these viral enzymes and slow down the multiplication of the virus. These are:

• Nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). NRTIs interrupt an early stage of HIV replication by interfering with the activity of reverse transcriptase. AZT (zidovudine), the first drug approved for treating HIV infection, is an NRTI, as are zalcitabine (ddC), didanosine (ddI), stavudine (d4T), lamivudine (3TC), and abacavir.
• Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs). NNRTIs also work by hindering the action of reverse transcriptase. This class of drugs includes delavirdine, nevirapine, and efavirenz.
• Protease inhibitors. Protease inhibitors interrupt a later stage of viral replication. This class of drugs includes saquinavir, indinavir, ritonavir, nelfinavir, and amprenavir.
• Fusion inhibitors. Fusion inhibitors prevent HIV from entering human immune cells. The only fusion inhibitor approved to date is enfuvirtide.

Studies have found that various combinations of antiretroviral drugs are more effective in suppressing HIV than antiretroviral drugs used alone. Experts refer to one common treatment approach, usually involving a protease inhibitor combined with two other antiretroviral drugs, as "highly active antiretroviral therapy" or HAART.

Drug combinations, or drug "cocktails," also can help reduce the risk that drug-resistant HIV will develop. When drug resistance occurs, medications that initially succeeded in suppressing the replication of HIV in the patient's body loose their effectiveness. Enfuvirtide works in a unique way that reduces the likelihood of cross-resistance with other HIV drugs.

Antiretroviral drugs have side effects that can limit their use in some people.

• AZT, for example, may result in a loss of blood cells.
• Protease inhibitors can cause nausea, diarrhea, and other symptoms.

Treating AIDS-Related Conditions

Other drugs and therapies are used to prevent or treat opportunistic infections and other AIDS-related conditions:

• Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. People who develop this lung infection are generally treated with TMP/SMX (a combination of antibiotic drugs) or pentamidine. Doctors also prescribe these medications as preventive therapy for adult patients whose CD4+ T cell counts fall below 200.
• Yeast infections in women. Physicians often prescribe a drug called fluconazole to treat yeast and other fungal infections. Fluconazole also can safely prevent vaginal and esophageal candidiasis without development of drug resistance.
• Severe skin ulcers caused by herpes simplex virus infection. Skin ulcers sometimes respond to an antiviral medication, acyclovir.
• Pelvic inflammatory disease. PID is treated with antibiotics. Women with mild cases may be treated on an outpatient basis. HIV-positive pregnant women suspected of having PID are usually hospitalized, treated with intravenous antibiotics approved for use during pregnancy, and monitored closely.
• HIV-related wasting.Megestrol acetate (Megace) is often prescribed for HIV-associated wasting, but it can cause significant irregular vaginal bleeding in women. Another drug, nandrolone, may not have these side effects and is currently undergoing drug trials.
• Kaposi's sarcoma and other cancers. Cancers are treated with radiation, chemotherapy, or injections of alpha interferon, a genetically engineered, naturally occurring protein.
• CMV Retinitis. Improvements in anti-HIV treatments as well as preventive and therapeutic approaches to managing CMV have resulted in a decreased incidence of CMV retinitis. Today, the incidence of CMV retinitis is about one quarter what it was previous to the introduction of HAART. While early CMV retinitis therapies were delivered intravenously, current treatments include medications in pill form for all stages of CMV retinitis.

What Are Some Of The Problems With AIDS Drug Therapy?

AIDS drugs do not cure the condition, but they help to manage it and postpone life-threatening complications. However, there are problems with AIDS drug therapy:

• Side effects of drugs are a major concern in treatment.
• Another major problem is the cost of the drugs used in treating AIDS. AIDS patients in the United States depend on insurance and government grants to obtain them. The high price of these drugs makes it difficult for third-world countries, which have major AIDS epidemics, to afford to distribute them.

Since antiviral drugs have so far not been curative, the hope is to find a vaccine. The technology for vaccine development is present, and serious efforts are being made to find one.

About sex workers in Nepal.

Nepal’s DPM Bamdev Gautam has declared a crusade against night restaurants in Kathmandu to curb the flourishing “nude dance” culture in the capital.

Sex Work in Nepal

 
 

Debates on prostitution in Nepal have been dominated by the issues of trafficking and the migration of females from Nepal’s middle hills to north Indian brothels but comparatively little research has been done on prostitution in Nepal itself.

The subsistence nature of large parts of the rural economy meant that there was no mass market for commercial sex until comparatively recently. Economic development and urbanization and the increasing integration of Nepal within global consumer cultures has altered this so that there is now an expanding domestic sex market in all parts of the country.

There is also a small but expanding trade catering to sex tourists and expatriates. Sex work sites tend to concentrate in urban areas of the Kathmandu Valley, Pokhara and in the cities and towns of the Terai where there are dense sexual networks linking the Indo-Nepal border areas.

There are many sex work sites along the main north-south transport routes and along porterage routes. Sex work sites can also be found in the bazaars of the hills. Usual sex work sites include ‘drinking pubs’, hotels, restaurants and lodges, the worker’s own home, roads, bus parks and jungle areas. Much of the trade is underground and FSW tend to be extremely mobile.

Women of all castes and classes become sex workers, although those who are trafficked or migrate to India come primarily from ethnic minority groups in the hills.

Contrary to popular belief not all females working in the Indian or Nepali sex industries have been trafficked as a result of abduction, drugging or deception. Many young women and girls are sent into sex work because they can earn relatively high wages that can be remitted back home to support families in impoverished villages.

Confusingly prostitution is neither legal nor illegal in Nepal – although sex workers are subject to police harassment and arrest. The estimated number of sex workers is over 25,000 with about 5,000 based in the Kathmandu Valley. Around 5,000 children are thought to be exploited in prostitution and around 35% enter sex work by the time they are fifteen. Around 100,000 Nepali women and girls are believed to work in the Indian sex industry although this figure is open to question with some estimates being significantly higher.

Big three decide to defer 17th round of PM election

Top leaders of the major three political parties in the Constituent Assembly (CA) - Unified CPN (Maoist), Nepali Congress (NC) and UML - have agreed to postpone the 17th round of election for the post of prime minister, which was scheduled to be held at the parliament today.

During the third round of 'decisive talks' to sort out the contentious issues in peace process, constitution drafting and government formation at Gokarna Forest Resort, Monday, the top leaders of the major three parties decided to hold the 17th round of election for the post of prime minister on November 19.

The leaders also reached a tentative agreement to bring budget after holding further discussion on the issue. They have also decided to hold the next round of three-party talks on November 18, according to a joint statement issued by Maoist chairman Pushpa Kamal Dahal, CPN-UML chairman Jhala Nath Khanal and Nepali Congress president Sushil Koirala.

Talking to media-persons, Maoist vice chairman Narayan Kaji Shrestha said that the meeting also decided to form a sub-committee comprising Maoist leader Baburam Bhattarai, CPN-UML leader Bharat Mohan Adhikari and NC's Ram Sharan Mahat to decide on some vital issues concerning the new budget.

In the meeting, NC proposed that its prime ministerial candidate Ram Chandra Poudel be declared the new prime minister unanimously, something which other parties immediately turned down.

Earlier, UML leader Bharat Mohan Adhikari, a member of the talk team, informed before the start of the meeting, that today's talks would be focused on army integration and new government formation.

But it was not known whether the top leaders of the major three parties reached any agreement on those issues.

Apart from UML chairman Khanal, Prime Minister Madhav Kumar Nepal and minister for home affairs Bhim Bahadur Rawal also participated in the meeting.

At least five leaders each from the three parties took part in today's meeting, Nepalnews has learnt.

UCPN (M)'s team, which was headed by chairman Puspha Kamal Dahal, comprised three vice-chairpersons, Dr. Baburam Bhattarai, Mohan Baidhya and Narayan Kaji Shrestha, and general secretary Ram Bahadur Thapa and politburo member Dev Gurung.

The Nepali Congress team consisted of party president Sushil Koirala, senior leader Sher Bahadur Deuba, parliamentary party leader Ram Chandra Poudel and central committee member Dr. Ram Sharan Mahat.

The leaders have already met twice before in similar manner without much progress.

First, they held the talks at Hattiban Resort, Pharping on November 5 and 6, which created much media hype. Then, they held the second round of talks on November 10 at Gokarna Forest Resort on November 10.

Like in previous talks, journalists have not been allowed near the venue, saying that the meeting is "highly secretive".

Although, leaders have been claiming they are close to a consensus, they have not revealed the details of the progress.

The major dispute is on the formation of the new government, it is learnt. Both the Unified CPN (Maoist) and Nepali Congress have staked claim to government leadership.